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Maintaining Timber Windows A well-maintained wooden window is an essential part of a historic building. inquiry is a representation of the various materials and techniques, craftsmanship and architectural taste of the period that it was built in. When possible, repairs should be made on-site. The repair system that is based on resin can be used to repair the most deteriorated areas without removing the entire window. Durability Timber windows were made to last for hundreds of years. But, they have to be maintained to keep them looking good and operating correctly. The most common maintenance tasks include sash-cord repairs, re-tightening sash pulleys, and painting. There is a growing need to upgrade timber windows to increase energy efficiency. This can involve replacing old glass units, repairing existing window rebates, or installing new cills for better air sealing. One of the major issues with traditional windows is the damage caused by corrosion of the paintwork. This is especially important where windows with sash are involved since the gaps between the sashes can be quite wide. In these instances, water can penetrate paint film and cause rotting to the wood or putty beneath. The rotting can be exacerbated by weather conditions that are not ideal. To stop this from happening, windows must be painted regularly with an exterior wood paint. In addition to repainting, areas that have corroded must be repaired using a resin-based repair product. This will ensure that the best possible amount of the original fabric is retained. It is important to minimize the number of holes that are created in the frame to allow cable entry, because they could let in moisture and cause decay. The wall's structural movement could also cause distortions in the frame as well as sash. This can result in the sash fitting incorrectly and jamming or sticking into the opening, and broken glass. Most often, this is corrected through the installation of new sash boxes constructed from slow-growing deal (pine) or oak. The cill should be constructed from durable hardwood such as oak to avoid any movement between the existing and new work. There are a variety of companies that manufacture Boston pattern wooden sash to fit most existing openings. They are available in various sizes and finishes to suit the needs of modern homeowners. In conjunction with quadruple draught strip and improved thermal insulation, these new sash can make an enormous difference to the energy efficiency of your home. Aesthetics A lot of old timber frames possess a dazzling aesthetic appeal, as they reflect, in some form, the quality of the wood technology, design, and aesthetics of the time they were built. They could have significant historical significance in their own right. This is particularly true for windows that were unglazed in the early days of timber-framed structures, where the majority were simply a series openings in frames of structural construction, which were divided horizontally by mullions and vertical wood or iron bars in order to protect against intrusions. It is essential to preserve the appearance of traditional timber window joinery. It is vital that any decay caused by water penetration is immediately stopped once it is discovered. It is recommended to do this through thorough painting, particularly if there has been damage or deterioration. It is recommended to use paints designed to be used in a system (primer undercoat and finish) and to adhere to the manufacturer's recommendations for preparation and number coats at each stage. The fungus responsible for wet rot can quickly spread in old timber windows. To prevent this, take out any rotten or damaged parts as promptly as you are able to. Replace rotting wood with slow-growing deal (pine), and if possible, the same kind of timber that is being removed, to avoid any differential movement. Glass became more affordable and abundant during the late medieval period and into the 17th century. This led to the glazed openings in timber-framed homes became more complicated with moulded mullions and traceries, made of wood and deep cills projecting into the air. The glazing was increasingly set within rebated frames and secured with 'glazing sprigs' rather than being inserted into lead cames. This method of glazing not only makes the windows less likely to leak and break, but also allows larger sheets of glass to be utilized than would have been possible otherwise without the use of lead lights. Energy efficiency Traditional timber windows provide excellent energy efficiency due to their thickness and multi-layer construction. They also pay meticulous attention to detail. They also have large glass areas and projection cills which reduce air infiltration. The windows can be modified to improve their energy efficiency through draughtproofing and secondary glazing. It is crucial to remember that these measures need to be considered when it comes to the overall appearance and integrity of the original windows. It is sensible to repair or upgrade existing windows that are older rather than replacing them, particularly when improvements in thermal efficiency can be made by simple repairs. Historic windows often have an historic value that shows a variety of technological advances and changes in architectural tastes. The pressures to replace such windows are typically based on the assumption that the windows of the past will require replacement in the near future, however most are still in a position to last for 150, 200 and even 250 years if they are properly maintained. It is important to recognise that the decay issues associated with traditional windows made of timber can be avoided by thorough maintenance and timely repairs. Additionally, it is essential to identify damp penetration problems and fix them promptly to avoid serious damage. The early deterioration of paint is a particular problem, because it allows moisture to penetrate the wood and cause wet rot. This type of damage is typically not apparent until the paintwork is cracking or wavy however, it can cause serious structural damage and lead to further decay. A quality paint will stop moisture from entering the paint. It is also essential to keep the paintwork spotless in order to prevent mould and condensation. Modern synthetic paints pose a problem because they are often water-resistant, and can cause mildew to develop within the window frame. The majority of windows from the past were constructed from sapwood-rich wood. These timbers are susceptible to deterioration quickly when exposed to wet weather conditions, but they can be protected by a thorough treatment of preservative before they are put to use. It is crucial to select the right kind of wood for the site and climate, as these factors can affect the longevity of the joinery. Local window manufacturers make a range of sash made of timber that can be adapted to fit specific historic openings. They can be made in the standard Boston pattern or in custom sizes to suit the architectural style of historic buildings. Maintenance Regular inspection as well as careful redecoration and quick repairs can prolong the life of timber windows. The main reason for decay is moisture infiltration through deteriorated paint and putty. This can be prevented by using a good wood preservative and thoroughly painting the wood. It is crucial that repairs to old sash or casement windows are properly executed and done without causing any disturbance. A lot of traditional wooden window designs are repairable without removing the frame, and this method should be followed whenever feasible. Remove loose or peeling paint and lightly sand the area to improve the 'key” of the surface. This will allow the new coating to adhere better. It is essential to avoid removing old paint layers, which may have historical value. If a portion of wood is decayed the best way to deal with it is to take it off and replace it with timber inserts that are shaped to match existing profiles. The wood that is inserted should be treated with wood preservative and the connection between the cill for timber and the sub-cill for masonry should be sealed. It can be tempting to replace traditional windows with PVC u, especially when the installer provides an 'all-in-one' installation which includes both removal and replacement within a single day. It is essential that installers of replacement windows have a deep understanding of the history and construction of traditional timber frames. This will allow them to make appropriate suggestions for energy efficiency improvements and other technical improvements that will not harm the historic character of a building. Those who provide replacement windows should be registered under a Competent Persons Scheme like as FENSA. This will ensure that replacement windows are deemed acceptable under Building Regulations as a suitable alternative. It is quite possible for a skilled and experienced carpenter to install PVC-U windows that match the style of the original building. This is particularly applicable when windows are located within conservation areas or listed buildings.